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Archive

The importance of air filtration

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The primary function of the engine air filter is simply to remove airborne contaminants – road or trackside dust, dirt, tyre and other organic detritus in the environment – from the intake airstream and prevent it from entering the combustion chamber. Once inside the combustion chamber, much of what isn’t consumed by the advancing flame front will find its way out through the exhaust system and eventually out of harm’s way. However, what is left will inevitably become...

Variable-displacement oil pumps

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Most automotive engines, whether they are use for road or racing use, have fixed-displacement oil pumps. Most are directly driven by the engine, so in order to ensure sufficient oil supply at low revs – when the pump is turning slowly – the pumps are oversized for what is required at high rpm, where the pump is turning faster. Traditionally, the excess pressure is dealt with by an oil pressure release valve that bleeds oil back to the sump if the optimum pressure is exceeded....

Pin bores

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I’m sure someone will argue a different point of view, but my opinion is that the piston is probably the single most demanding component in an engine in terms of detailed design. There is so much at stake in terms of performance if the piston is too heavy or creates too much friction that people push piston design more than any other component. The penalties of getting any single design aspect wrong can turn an otherwise good piston into a liability. The pin bore is a case in point. If...

Chromating applications

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It would be wrong to say that conversion treatments such as chromating aren’t used in race engines, but they certainly aren’t used as widely as on race transmissions. One of its main uses in engine parts is the passivation of components with metallic platings such as zinc or cadmium. Chromating on top of these metallic platings prevents early oxidation of the plating – zinc itself, for example, is highly reactive. Plating works by using zinc, say, as a sacrificial coating,...

SAW torque sensors in dynamometers

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At the moment, most dynamometer torque sensors use either strain gauges or, in more advanced applications, magneto-elastic sensors to measure output torque. However, in recent years new sensors for torque measurement based on Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) transducers have been developed that have potential uses in dynamometer applications. The sensors work by measuring changes in SAW properties across a substrate as the stress within the substrate varies. In its simplest form, a SAW...

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